The Izhma Komi adopted deer farming from the Nenets. Moreover, the Izhma people improved it much, introducing round-the-clock herd patrolling with the aid of dogs (unlike the Saami and Nenets who practiced “free pasturing”), switched over to commercial large-herd deer farming, and widely used deer farming products in trading activities (trading in meat and skins, and suede production).
Abstact by A.A. Chuviurov